Contextual
Resources

Once a government or tech company develops a definition of terrorism or violent extremism, it can be difficult to know how to apply these definitions to the variety of ways that terrorism and violent extremism manifests internationally and across online spaces.

This section of the site aims to highlight contextual resources on themes related to applying definitions to the online space.  GIFCT funds the Global Network on Extremism and Technology (GNET) to bring forward actionable insights from experts and practitioners around the world to better inform and give context to tech companies, governments, practitioners and other stakeholders in this field. Insights are curated here under context-based themes.

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Ideology

Ideologically motivated violent groups and movements take different forms in different parts of the world. In a post-9/11 framework, and particularly since the rise of ISIS, most terrorist studies and counter-extremism work have focussed on Islamist extremist groups. However, we also see modern trends of groups associated with white supremacy and neo-Naziism, misogyny-based violent extremist groups often referred to as being part of the “incel” community, far-left groups, and neo-nationalist groups such as the Hindutva movement and Buddhist extremist groups in Asia. Across international far-right violent extremist trends we see an increase in violence inducing conspiracy theory networks, including new trends revolving around anti-vaccination movements and even anti-5G movements that have an effect on technology companies.

  • 15th August 2025
    Antisemitism and Terrorist Manifestos: “Where did you get your current beliefs? Mostly from the internet.”
    Michaela Rana & Josh Lindsay
  • 18th July 2025
    Meaning Through Its Opposite: Significance Quest Theory and Nihilistic Violent Extremism
    Dr. Gerard Gill
  • 16th July 2025
    The Weaponisation of AI: Visual storytelling of the Great Replacement Conspiracy Theory Amid the Southport Riots
    Beatriz Buarque
  • 30th April 2025
    EcoFascism and Green Accelerationism: Ghosts of the Past or a Present Danger?
    Aline Blanchard
  • 28th February 2025
    Decoding Saboteurism: An Explanation of Infrastructure Attacks by Far-Right Extremists
    Adam Frolík
  • 19th December 2024
    Anime and the Extreme-Right: Otaku Culture and Aesthetics in Extremist Digital Propaganda
    Joshua Bowes
  • 04th December 2024
    Brotherhood of Blood: Understanding the Origins and Trajectory of the Maniac Murder Cult
    Peter Smith and Sharon Adarlo
  • 04th December 2024
    Brotherhood of Blood: Understanding the Origins and Trajectory of the Maniac Murder Cult
    Peter Smith and Sharon Adarlo
  • 02nd December 2024
    “Degenerate” Queers and “Chadsexual” Sapphics: Anti-LGBTQ+ Rhetoric in the Incelosphere
    Allysa Czerwinsky

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