Contextual
Resources

Once a government or tech company develops a definition of terrorism or violent extremism, it can be difficult to know how to apply these definitions to the variety of ways that terrorism and violent extremism manifests internationally and across online spaces.

This section of the site aims to highlight contextual resources on themes related to applying definitions to the online space.  GIFCT funds the Global Network on Extremism and Technology (GNET) to bring forward actionable insights from experts and practitioners around the world to better inform and give context to tech companies, governments, practitioners and other stakeholders in this field. Insights are curated here under context-based themes.

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Ideology

Ideologically motivated violent groups and movements take different forms in different parts of the world. In a post-9/11 framework, and particularly since the rise of ISIS, most terrorist studies and counter-extremism work have focussed on Islamist extremist groups. However, we also see modern trends of groups associated with white supremacy and neo-Naziism, misogyny-based violent extremist groups often referred to as being part of the “incel” community, far-left groups, and neo-nationalist groups such as the Hindutva movement and Buddhist extremist groups in Asia. Across international far-right violent extremist trends we see an increase in violence inducing conspiracy theory networks, including new trends revolving around anti-vaccination movements and even anti-5G movements that have an effect on technology companies.

  • 18th February 2026
    Group Dynamics in Far-Right Telegram Communities: A (Worthy) Challenge for Radicalisation Research
    Ulrike Schwertberger, Simon Greipl and Diana Rieger
  • 26th January 2026
    The Moscow Oblast School Stabbing: Digital Rehearsal, Gaming Communities, and Youth Pathways to Violence
    Harrison Pates
  • 18th December 2025
    Participatory Memetic Violence: Legend, Ostension, and Ideologically Diffuse Violence
    Joe Ondrak and Laura Vitelli
  • 01st December 2025
    Fractures on the (Storm-)Front: Contesting the Role of Women in White Supremacy
    Christopher David and Marten Risius
  • 28th November 2025
    Back to Basics: 325 and the Renewed Critique of Technological Civilisation
    Mauro Lubrano
  • 26th November 2025
    Intersectionality in the Incelosphere: Understanding the Racial Dimensions of Misogynistic Extremism
    Ryan Ratnam
  • 25th November 2025
    Sanctified Misogyny: The Use of Fundamentalist Sexual Narratives to Legitimise Incel Ideology
    Erin Stoner
  • 08th October 2025
    Symbols and Scripts: Firearms as Artefacts of Extremist Violence
    Dr Yannick Veilleux-Lepage
  • 27th August 2025
    Voices of Extremism: The Rise of Ala Nahjen Qaweem Foundation
    Cara Rau

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